Resources
Adapting, Expanding, and Evaluating ARCHES in Kenya
Agency for All
Briefs
- Integrating a Gender-Transformative Approach into the Husbands Schools Program in Niger | An Equimundo Case Study from the Agency for All Project
- Advancing Shared Conceptualizations of Agency: Emerging Insights
- Research At-A-Glance: Addressing Reproductive Coercion in Health Settings (ARCHES) India Adaptation
- Program Assessment At-A-Glance: A Review of Social and Behavior Change Programs Addressing Early Childbearing Among Very Young Adolescents in Bangladesh
- Research At-A-Glance: Impact of SBC Media on Youth Agency in Kenya
- Research At-A-Glance: Fostering Respectful Maternity Care in India
- Program Assessment At-A-Glance: Social and Behavior Change (SBC) Assessment of the ACCESS Project in Madagascar
- Program Assessment At-A-Glance: Complexity, Context, and USAID-Supported Social and Behavior Change Programming in Ethiopia
- Research At-A-Glance: COVID-19 Vaccination Communication in Nigeria
- Research At-A-Glance: Developing a Measure of Contraceptive Acceptability
- Activity At-A-Glance: Capacity Strengthening of Local Institutions to Accelerate the Ouagadougou Partnership Research Agenda
- Research At-A-Glance: Reducing Infertility Stigma and Improving Reproductive Agency in Cameroon and Kenya
- Research At-A-Glance: Designing and Implementing a Gender Transformative Adaptation of the Husband’s Schools in Niger
- Research At-A-Glance: Conceptualizing and Measuring Agency for SBC Programs
Executive Summaries
- Executive Summary: Complexity, Context, and USAID-supported Social andd Behavior Change Programming in Ethiopia 2015-2021
- Executive Summary | Very Young Adolescents in Bangladesh: A Review of Social and Behavior Change Programs Addressing Adolescent Childbearing
Guidance Documents
Newsletters
- Quarterly Newsletter 1: USAID’s Agency for All Project
- Quarterly Newsletter 2: USAID’s Agency for All Project
- Quarterly Newsletter 3: USAID’s Agency for All Project
- Quarterly Newsletter 4: USAID’s Agency for All Project
- Quarterly Newsletter 5: USAID’s Agency for All Project
- Quarterly Newsletter 6: USAID’s Agency for All Project
- Quarterly Newsletter 7: USAID’s Agency for All Project
- Quarterly Newsletter 9: USAID’s Agency for All Project
Peer-Reviewed Articles
- Peer-Reviewed Article: Using the 5C Vaccine Hesitancy Framework to Elucidate and Measure Contraceptive Acceptability in sub-Saharan Africa
- Peer-Reviewed Article: Social Norms: A Missing Ingredient of Programs Seeking to Foster Women’s Agency in Nutrition
- Centering agency and norms to meet the health needs of pregnant adolescents
Presentations
- Presentation: Capturing the Dynamic Nature of Choice: Qualitative Perspectives on Contraceptive Hesitancy from Cameroon and Kenya
- Presentation: Agency in Family Planning: A scoping review on the conceptualization and measurement of agency in low- and middle-income countries
- From Data to Action: Drawing Lessons from Nigeria’s COVID-19 Vaccination Campaign for Promoting Integrated Life Course Immunization Approaches (Presentation, Video)
Reports
- Formative Research Report: Respectful Maternity Care in India
- Designing and Implementing a Gender-Transformative Adaptation of the Husbands Schools in Niger: Formative Research Report
- Capacity Strengthening of Local Institutions to Accelerate the Ouagadougou Partnership Research Agenda: Baseline Capacity Assessment Report
- Exploring the Role of Message Effects and Messenger Effectiveness in COVID-19 Vaccination Communication in Nigeria: Research Report
- COVID-19 Perceptions and Vaccine Hesitancy in Nigeria: A Secondary Data Analysis on Factors Affecting Vaccine Uptake
- Complexity, Context, and USAID-Supported Social and Behavior Change Programming In Ethiopia 2015-2021
- Community Mobilization Initiative to End TB (COMMIT): Midterm Evaluation
- Research Snapshot Edition #1: An Analysis of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in Nigeria
- Research Snapshot Edition #2: An Analysis of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in Nigeria
- Very Young Adolescents in Bangladesh: A Review of Social and Behavior Change Programs Addressing Adolescent Childbearing
- Understanding Contraceptive Hesitancy in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Literature Review
- Infertility in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Literature Review to Inform a SBC Program Approach
- Factors Associated with COVID-19 Vaccine Access, Perceptions, and Hesitancy in Nigeria: Scoping Review
Slidedoc Reports
Adolescent Transitions in West Africa (ATWA)
Briefs
Reports
California Violence Experiences Survey (CalVEX)
2023 CalVEX Research Publications
- CalVEX 2023: Findings from the 2023 Survey-California Violence Experiences Survey
- CalVEX 2023: Summary Brief
- CalVEX 2023: Supporting Immigrants and Refugees in California Means Focusing on Risk for Domestic Violence
2022 CalVEX Research Publications
2021 CalVEX Research Publications
2020 CalVEX Research Publications
Effective Approaches to Adapt and Scale Prevention of VAWG Innovations-Assessing the Womanity Award Model
Interactive Resources
- Interactive Microsite – “Adaptation Journeys” – Violence Against Women Prevention Program Adaptation
Publications
Reports
Effects of Social and Gender Norms on Adolescent Health and Livelihood Outcomes in LMICs (SNA)
Reports
- Report: Effects of Social Norms on Health and Livelihood Outcomes for Adolescent Girls and Young Women in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
- Deep Dive: A Country-Specific Exploration of Evidence on Programming for Adolescent Girls and Young Women in India
- Deep Dive: A Country-Specific Exploration of Evidence Addressing Gender Norms through Programming with Men and Boys in Kenya
- Deep Dive: A Country-Specific Exploration of Evidence on Programming for Adolescent Girls and Young Women in Nigeria
Tools
Peer-Reviewed Publications
Why Invest in Social Norms Change?
- Investing in Social Norms to Improve Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Investing in Social Norms to Prevent Gender-Based Violence
- Investing in Social Norms to Prevent Child, Early, and Forced Marriage
- Investing in Social Norms to Improve Women’s Economic Empowerment
- Investing in Social Norms Shifting – Advocacy Pack
Briefs
- Shaping Narratives, Shifting Norms: Evidence on Social Norms for Adolescent Girls’ and Young Women’s Well-Being
- Effects of Social and Gender Norms on Adolescent Health and Livelihood Outcomes in LMICs (SNA)
Webinars
- What Really Drives Social Norms Change for Adolescent Girls and Young Women: Global Evidence with Insights from India, Kenya, and Nigeria (Recording | Presentation Slides)
- Shifting Social Norms with Trusted Leaders: Power, Emerging Insights, and the Evidence We’re Still Missing (Recording | Presentation Slides)
- From Storytelling to Social Impact: Lessons from Exemplar Entertainment Media Interventions (Recording | Presentation Slides)
Infographics
Evidence-based Measures of Empowerment for Research on Gender Equity (EMERGE)
Reports
- EMERGE Learnings Report 1: Learnings from International Scoping Meetings on Quantitative Measurement of Gender Equality and Empowerment
- EMERGE Learnings Report 2: Findings from Workshop and Scoping Meetings on Gender Equality and Empowerment Measurement in India
- EMERGE Learnings Report 3: Findings from Interviews with Experts in India on Quantitative Measurement of Gender Equality and Empowerment
- EMERGE Project Report: Theoretical Definitional Basis for Identification of Measures of Gender Equality and Empowerment
Global Family Planning Monitoring, Learning, and Evaluation Consortium
Growing Up GREAT!: The Way Forward / « Bien Grandir : La Voie à Suivre ! »
Project Overview
Briefs
- Scaling Up Gender-transformative Sexuality Education for Adolescents in DRC: A Summary of the Growing Up GREAT! Project (English, French)
- For Youth by Youth: Engaging Adolescents as Evaluators of the Growing Up GREAT! Project (English)
- Youth Advisory Council Informational Brochure (French)
Reports
- Case Study in WHO’S Guidance on Meaningful Adolescent and Youth Engagement (MAYE) (see page 9) (English)
- Passages Growing Up GREAT! End of Project Report (English)
Presentations
- Growing Up GREAT! Results & VYA Investments: What do we know? Where should we go? (English)
Webinars
- A Framework for Understanding What Works to Shift Gender Norms and Attitudes for Very Young Adolescents (English and French)
- The Growing Up GREAT! Legacy: Building and Applying Evidence to Support and Scale Gender-transformative Sexuality Education (English, French)
Implementation
Briefs
- HCD Insights on Engaging Parents in Sexual and Reproductive Health programs for VYAs (English, French)
- Design & Test Report: Using human-centered design to enable Sexual Reproductive Health and gender equality dialogue between parents, caregivers and Very Young Adolescents within the parental component of the Growing Up Great program in Kinshasa (English)
- Creating a Gender-Equitable Environment for Very Young Adolescents (English)
- Leveraging Human-Centered Design to Improve Gender-Equitable Adolescent Programming in DRC and Indonesia: Process Brief & Learnings (English, French)
Reports
- Rapport sur l’Exploration des Normes Sociales (French)
- Learning Lab Report (English)
Presentations
- Lessons Learned from Growing Up GREAT!: Using a Systems Approach to Implement a Multi-level Adolescent Reproductive Health and Wellbeing Intervention in Kinshasa, DRC (English)
- Growing Up GREAT! Approach to Adaptive Management (English)
- Growing Up GREAT! Increasing Gender Equality For Very Young Adolescent Boys and Girls: Adaptive Management (English)
- Growing Up GREAT! Increasing Gender Equality For Very Young Adolescent Boys and Girls: Implementation Lessons (English)
Manuscripts
- Implementing Interventions to Address Gender and Power Inequalities in Early Adolescence: Utilizing a Theory of Change to Assess Conditions for Success (English)
Evaluation and Research
Briefs
- Profiles of Very Young Adolescents in Urban Kinshasa, Growing Up GREAT! Baseline Brief (English, French)
Reports
Presentations
- Comment Saurons-Nous Que BG! A Reussi ? Evaluation Participative de BG! (French)
- For Youth by Youth: Participatory Evaluation of Gender Norms Intervention. Giving Power and Voice to Minors within Evaluation: Longer-term Strategies with Adolescent Evaluators (English)
- Les Très Jeunes Adolescents et Leurs Parents – Comment Bien Grandir ! Les a-t-il Touchés ? (French)
- Résultats des Deux Evaluations Participatives avec les Jeunes du Projet Bien Grandir ! (French)
- Résultats de l’Etude Participative Menée par les Jeunes: Comment Bien Grandir! a-t-il Touché les Adolescent.es et les Adultes Influents dans Leurs Vies ? (French)
- Gender Normativity, Sexual Conservatism, and Homophobic Teasing: Findings among Very Young Adolescents in Kinshasa, DRC (English)
- Growing Up GREAT! Gender-transformative Sexual and Reproductive Health Programming for Very Young Adolescents: Impact Assessment Findings from Kinshasa (English)
Posters
- Gender-transformative Sexual and Reproductive Health Programming for Very Young Adolescents in Kinshasa, DRC: Impact Assessment Findings from Growing Up GREAT! (English)
- Lasting and Novel Impacts of a Multi-level Adolescent Norms-shifting Sexual and Reproductive Health Intervention: Five-year Longitudinal Cohort Findings from Kinshasa (English)
Manuscripts
- The Intersection of Power and Gender: Examining the Relationship of Empowerment and Gender-Unequal Norms Among Young Adolescents in Kinshasa, DRC (English)
- Assessing the Relationship Between Agency and Peer Violence among Adolescents Aged 10 to 14 Years in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo and Blantyre, Malawi: A Cross-sectional Study (English)
- Balancing Quality, Intensity and Scalability: Results of a Multi-level Sexual and Reproductive Health Intervention for Very Young Adolescents in Kinshasa (English)
- The impacts of two gender-transformative interventions on early adolescent gender norms perceptions: a difference-in-difference analysis (English)
- Adolescent–Parent Relationships and Communication: Consequences for Pregnancy Knowledge and Family Planning Service Awareness (English)
- Understanding How Gender Transformative Interventions Affect Adolescent Sexuality: A Cross-Cultural Perspective (English)
- Do gender-equitable attitudes translate to gender-equitable choresharing behavior? A sex-stratified longitudinal analysis among adolescents in Kinshasa (English)
- Using Responsive Feedback in Scaling a Gender Norms-Shifting Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health Intervention in the Democratic Republic of Congo (English)
Institutionalization and Scale-Up
Briefs
- Learning and Adapting: Using Responsive Feedback to Increase Growing Up GREAT!’s Effectiveness and Scalability (English, French)
- Sustainability of GUG! Institutionalization in the Ministries of Health and Education: A Rapid Qualitative Learning Study (English, French)
- Policy Recommendations for Institutionalization and Project Transition to DRC Ministry Partners (English, French)
Reports
- Growing Up GREAT! Scale-up Planning Meeting Report (English)
- A Seven-Year Retrospective of Investment in and Scale Up of Gender-transformative Sexuality Education for Very Young Adolescents in DRC (English, French)
Presentations
- Gender-transformative Sexual and Reproductive Health Programming for Very Young Adolescents (English)
- “Beginning with the end in mind” – Engaging Scale-up Stakeholders Early and Continuously for Accelerated Institutionalization of CSE in Kinshasa (English)
- Improving Effectiveness for Scale: Use of Responsive Feedback in a Multi-sectoral Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health Program in the Democratic Republic of Congo (English)
- Integrating Family Life Education into Distance Learning-Learnings from COVID-related Program Adaptations in Kinshasa, DRC (English)
- Multi Sectoral Engagement for Scale Up-Lessons Learned from a Gender Norms-shifting and Adolescent Sexual Reproductive Health and Rights Program in Kinshasa (English)
Manuscripts
- Using Responsive Feedback in Scaling a Gender Norms-Shifting Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health Intervention in the Democratic Republic of Congo (English)
- Do Gender-equitable Attitudes Translate to Gender-equitable Chore-sharing Behavior? A Sex-stratified Longitudinal Analysis among Adolescents in Kinshasa (English)
The Gender Equity and Demographic Research Project (GENDER Project)
Completed Work from the Second Phase of the GENDER Project
Phase II: Tools
- Free Online Course: Gender Empowerment Concepts, Measures, and Data
- Policy Analysis Instrument
Phase II: Briefs
- Advancing SRH Through Innovative Research on Gender Equity, Norms, and Agency
- Women’s Economic Engagement Key Insights from the GENDER Project
- Understanding Post-Abortion Contraceptive Use in India
- The state of postpartum contraceptive use in India: Descriptive lessons from nationally representative survey data
- Women’s work-related decision making and implications for economic well-being: Evidence from India
Phase II: Infographics
- Understanding agency and norms around women’s employment in Bihar
- Understanding agency and norms around women’s employment in Maharashtra
- Understanding agency and norms around women’s employment in Uttar Pradesh
Phase II: Research Papers
- Bhan N, Johns N, Hay K, Patwardhan V, Singh A, Ambast S, McDougal L. (2026). Traditional or Modern Contraception? Association Between Health Worker Contact and Contraceptive Choice in India: Findings from NFHS 2019-2021. Studies in Family Planning.
- Ambast S, Khare P, Patwardhan V, McDougal L, Hay K. (2026). Understanding Agency in Woman’s Economic Empowerment Policy: an Analysis of Three Programs in India. Gates Open Research.
- Bhan N, Thomas E, Kully G, Ghule M, Raj A, McDougal L, Singh A, Averbach S. (2025). A qualitative analysis of women’s reproductive agency and postpartum family planning in Maharashtra, India. PLOS One.
- Jose J, Kannajuiya AK, Kumar K, McDougal L, Hay K, Singh A. (2025). Post-abortion contraceptive use among currently married women in India: New evidence from National Family Health Survey 2019–2021 (NFHS-5). PLOS One.
- Patwardhan V, Hay K, Raj A, Nambiar A, Ambast S, Singh A, McDougal L. (2024). Work-related decision-making and economic well-being among married women in India. The Economic and Labour Relations Review.
- Johns N, Singh A, Ambast S, Bhan N, Hay K, Patwardhan V, McDougal L. (2024). The state of postpartum contraceptive use in India: Descriptive lessons from nationally representative survey data. Reproductive Health.
- Bhan N, Thomas EE, McDougal L, Nanda P, Mahapatra T, Kumari S, Das A, Closson K, Singh A, Raj A. (2023). Validation of a family planning self-efficacy measure with married women in Bihar, India: Findings from the Bihar Integrated Family Planning Survey. Contraception X.
- Srivastava S, Kumar K, McDougal L, Nambiar A, Upadhyay AK, Hay K, Raj A, Singh A. (2023). Spatial heterogeneity in women’s financial inclusion in India: an application of small area estimation. Asian Development Review.
- Li H, Dey A, Singh A, McDougal L, Hay K, Raj A. (2023). Are Households Affected by Intimate Partner Violence Less Likely to Enroll Children into Early Education in India: Findings from the 5th National Family Health Survey, 2019-2021. Journal of Interpersonal Violence.
- Singh A, Kumar K, McDougal L, Chokhandre PK, Singh AK, Upadhyay AK, James KS, Raj A. (2023). Patriarchy, fertility and excess female child mortality in India. Spatial Demography.
- Bhan N, McDougal L. (2023). Centering agency and norms to meet the health needs of pregnant adolescents. Lancet Global Health.
- Srivastava S, Kumar K, McDougal L, Kannaujiya AK, Sikarwar A, Raj A, Singh A. (2023). Spatial heterogeneity in intimate partner violence across the 640 districts of India: a secondary analysis of a cross-sectional, population-based survey by use of model-based small-area estimation. Lancet Global Health.
Completed Work from the First Phase of the GENDER Project
Phase I: Briefs
- More than credit: Are microcredit programs associated with women’s maternal and reproductive health?
Phase I: Infographics
Phase I: Research Papers
- Fonseka R, McDougal L, Raj A, Reed E, Lundgren R, Urada L, Silverman JG. (2022). Measuring the impacts of maternal child marriage and maternal intimate partner violence and the moderating effects of proximity to conflict on stunting among children under 5 in post-conflict Sri Lanka. SSM – Population Health. 18: 101074.
- Upadhyay A, Kumar K, James KS, McDougal L, Raj A, Singh A. (2022). Association between intimate partner violence and contraceptive use discontinuation in India. Studies in Family Planning. doi: 10.1111/sifp.12184
- Dehingia N, Dey AK, McDougal L, McAuley J, Singh A, Raj A. (2022). Help seeking behavior by women experiencing intimate partner violence in India: a machine learning approach to identifying risk factors. PLoS ONE 17(2): e0262538.
- Fonseka R, McDougal L, Raj A, Reed E, Lundgren R, Urada L, Silverman JG. (2022). Does proximity to conflict zones moderate associations between child marriage, intimate partner violence and contraception in post-conflict Sri Lanka? Advances in Global Health. 1(1): 1539582.
- Fonseka R, McDougal L, Raj A, Reed E, Lundgren R, Urada L, Silverman, JG. (2022). A mediation analysis of the role of girl child marriage in the relationship between proximity to conflict and past-year intimate partner violence in post-conflict Sri Lanka. Conflict and Health. 16(5).
- McDougal L, Dehingia N, Bhan N, Singh A, McAuley J, Raj A. (2021). Opening closed doors: Using machine learning to explore factors associated with marital sexual violence in India. BMJ Open.11:e053603.
- Goemans S, Singh A, Yadav AK, McDougal L, Raj A, Averbach S. (2021). The association between intimate partner violence and self-managed abortion: A cross-sectional analysis among women in India. AJOG Global Reports. 1(4).
- Raj A, Dehingia N, Singh A, McAuley J, McDougal L. (2021). Machine learning analysis of non-marital sexual violence in India. EClinical Medicine. 39:101046.
- Singh A, Chokhandre P, Singh AK, Barker KM, Kumar K, McDougal L, James KS, Raj A. (2021). Development of the India Patriarchy Index: Validation and Testing of Temporal and Spatial Patterning. Social Indicators Research.
- McDougal, L., Singh, A., Kumar, K., Dehingia, N., Barros, A. J., Ewerling, F., … & Raj, A. (2021). Planning for work: Exploring the relationship between contraceptive use and women’s sector-specific employment in India. PLoS ONE, 16(3), e0248391.
- Singh, A., Kumar, K., Yadav, A. K., James, K. S., McDougal, L., Atmavilas, Y., & Raj, A. (2021). Factors Influencing the Sex Ratio at Birth in India: A New Analysis based on Births Occurring between 2005 and 2016. Studies in Family Planning.
- Kayser, G. L., Chokhandre, P., Rao, N., Singh, A., McDougal, L., & Raj, A. (2021). Household sanitation access and risk for non-marital sexual violence among a nationally representative sample of women in India, 2015-16. SSM-Population Health, 13, 100738.
- Kannaujiya AK, Kumar K, Upadhyay AK, McDougal L, Raj A, Singh A. (2020). Short interpregnancy interval and low birth weights in India: evidence from National Family Health Survey 2015-16. Population Health. 12:100700.
- McDougal L, Shakya H, Dehingia N, Lapsansky C, Conrad D, Bhan N, Singh A, McDougal, TL, Raj A. (2020). Mapping the patchwork: Exploring the subnational heterogeneity of child marriage in India. Population Health. 12:100688.
- Raj A, Dehingia N, Singh A, McDougal L, McAuley, J. (2020). Application of machine learning to understand child marriage in India. Population Health. 12:100687.
- Kumar, K., Singh, A., James, K. S., McDougal, L., & Raj, A. (2020). Gender Bias in Hospitalization Financing from Borrowings, Selling of Assets, Contribution from Relatives or Friends in India. Social Science & Medicine, 113222.
- McDougal, L., Silverman, J. G., Singh, A., & Raj, A. (2020). Exploring the relationship between spousal violence during pregnancy and subsequent postpartum spacing contraception among first-time mothers in India. EClinicalMedicine, 100414.
- Bhan, N., McDougal, L., Singh, A., Atmavilas, Y., & Raj, A. (2020). Access to women physicians and uptake of reproductive, maternal and child health services in India. EClinicalMedicine 20: 1-7.
- Bhan, N., Rao, N., & Raj, A. (2020). Gender Differences in the Associations between Informal Caregiving and Wellbeing in Low-and Middle-Income Countries. Journal of Women’s Health.
- Raj, A., Singh, A., Silverman, J. G., Bhan, N., Barker, K. M., & McDougal, L. (2020). Freedom of Movement and Adolescent Sexual Violence in India. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 0886260520918583.
- Raj, A., Johns, N.E., McDougal, L., Trivedi, A., Bharadwaj, P., Silverman, J.G., Kumar, K., Ladusingh, L., Singh, A. (2019) Associations Between Sex Composition of Older Siblings and Infant Mortality in India from 1992 to 2016. EClinicalMedicine 14:14-22.
- Singh, A., Kumar, K., McDougal, L., Silverman, J.G., Atmavilas, Y., Gupta, R., & Raj, A. (2019). Does owning a bank account improve reproductive and maternal health services utilization and behavior in India? Evidence from the National Family Health Survey 2015-16. SSM-Population Health, 7.
- McDougal, L., Klugman, J., Dehingia, N., Trivedi, A., & Raj, A. (2019). Financial inclusion and intimate partner violence: What does the evidence suggest? PLoS ONE 14(10): e0223721.
- Dehingia, N., Singh, A., Raj, A., McDougal, L. (2019). More than credit: Exploring associations between microedit programs and maternal and reproductive health service utilization in India. SSM-Population Health 9.
- McDougal, L., Krumholz, S., Bhan, N., Bharadwaj, P., & Raj, A. (2018). Releasing the tide: how has a shock to the acceptability of gender-based sexual violence affected rape reporting to police in India? Journal of Interpersonal Violence: 1-23.
The Passages Project
Re-IMAGINE: Delaying Marriage and Improving Adolescent SRH in Niger
About the Program
Reports
Responsible, Engaged, and Loving Fathers (REAL Fathers)
REAL Fathers Implementation Materials
- REAL Fathers Initiative Mentor Training Curriculum (2013)
- REAL Fathers Initiative Mentor Resource Sheets (2013)
- REAL Fathers Initiative Women’s Group Session Guide
- REAL Fathers Initiative Implementation Guidelines for Adaptation and Use (2019)
- Resources for Measuring Social Norms: A Practical Guide for Program Implementers (2019)
- Theory of Change Report Responsible, Engaged and Loving (REAL) Fathers Initiative (2021)
- Journal Article: “Building a theory of change to guide fatherhood programming to prevent family violence: a comparison of two programs” (BMC Public Health, Kohli et al., 2025)
REAL Fathers Implementation, Early Childhood Development Focus
- Mentor Group Discussion Guide for Less Literate Mentors (2021)
- Mentor Home Visit and Group Meeting Protocol (2021)
- Mentor Training Manual (2021)
- Mentor Resource Sheets (2021)
- Teaching Aides to Support Early Childhood Development
Evaluations and Impact
- Journal Article: “Evaluation of the Responsible, Engaged, and Loving (REAL) Fathers Initiative on Physical Child Punishment and Intimate Partner Violence in Northern Uganda” (Prevention Science, Ashburn et al., 2017)
- Journal Article: “Exploring opportunities for coordinated responses to intimate partner violence and child maltreatment in low and middle income countries: a scoping review” (Psychology, Health & Medicine, Bacchus et al., 2017)
- Study Protocol: “Testing the effectiveness of the Responsible, Engaged, and Loving Fathers (REAL Fathers) intervention for improving early childhood development and reducing family violence in Uganda: Study protocol for a cluster-randomized controlled trial” (Trials, Barker et al., 2025)
- Findings from Scale-Up Evaluation of the REAL Fathers Program in Uganda
- Cohort 1 Outcome Evaluation Endline Report (2026)
- Cohort 1 Outcome Evaluation Research Brief (2026)
- Cohort 1 Most Significant Change (MSC) Stories Report (2026)
- Combined Cohort 1 and 2 Outcome Evaluation Findings – A Research Brief (2026)
Gender, Social Norms, and Fatherhood Research
- Journal Article: “It isn’t because they don’t love their children”: social norms shaping young fathers’ caregiving in Uganda (Frontiers in Sociology, Nyombi et al., 2025)
- Journal Article: Measuring social norms related to violent child discipline in Uganda: Mixed-methods scale development and validation (Social Science & Medicine, Barker et al., 2026)
- Journal Article: Drawing on diverse partnerships to identify, address, and measure context-specific gender norms: a case study from REAL Fathers Uganda (Global Social Challenges Journal, Barker et al., 2026)
Scale-Up, Advocacy, and Policy
- Journal Article: Loving fathers, thriving children: opportunities for scaling gender-transformative approaches (Early Childhood Matters, Duch et al., 2019)
- REAL Fathers Scale Up Strategy (2021)
- Scaling REAL Fathers: Brief Results — Volume 1 (2021)
- Lessons from REAL Fathers Advocacy: Brief Results — Volume 2 (2021)
- REAL Fathers Scale Up Potential: Brief Results — Volume 3 (2021)
- Adopting a Multicultural Approach to Scale Up: REAL Fathers in Uganda (2022)
- REAL Fathers Initiative in India: Adaptation of the Program to Context of West Bengal Report (2022)
- The REAL Fathers Initiative Results from a Qualitative Evaluation of Scale-Up in Uganda – Report (2022)
- REAL Fathers Scale-Up Annual Learning Convening Report (2026)
- REAL Fathers Scale-Up Policy & Advocacy Brief (2026)
The Social Norms and Agency Learning Collaboratives Network
Papers
Presentations
Toolkits